Pencemaran Lingkungan oleh Limbah Industri Kelapa Sawit (Agroindustri)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of waste management within the agroindustry subsystem, particularly in the palm oil industry, and its implications for sustainability and competitiveness in the agribusiness sector. The research employs a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach through a systematic literature review of recent relevant scientific publications. The data are derived from academic journals, reference books, and other scholarly sources to support a comprehensive analysis. The results indicate that environmental pollution caused by palm oil mill effluent (POME) is not solely due to technical factors but is also closely related to weaknesses in operational and managerial aspects. The imbalance between production capacity and waste treatment capacity is identified as the main cause of system overload, which reduces the effectiveness of the waste decomposition process. In addition, weak monitoring systems and the low prioritization of environmental management contribute to the suboptimal performance of waste treatment facilities. This condition increases the risk of environmental pollution, damages aquatic ecosystems, and reduces public trust in the palm oil industry. On the other hand, the utilization of waste as a renewable energy source through biogas production demonstrates significant potential in improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental impacts. Therefore, the integration of production systems, waste management, and operational control is essential in creating a sustainable agroindustry system. The study implies the importance of enhancing managerial capacity, strengthening monitoring systems, and shifting corporate perspectives on waste as a strategic resource to improve long-term competitiveness.