Peningkatan Efisiensi Pengelolaan Persediaan Obat Melalui Integrasi Analisis ABC–VEN dan EOQ

Abstract

Drug inventory management plays a critical role in supporting pharmacy operations, as it directly affects the quality of healthcare services, patient satisfaction, and cost efficiency. Inadequate inventory control often leads to stock imbalances in the form of drug shortages and excess inventory, resulting in higher holding costs, increased risk of drug expiration, and potential revenue loss. This condition was also observed in a pharmacy located in Padang City that had not yet implemented an integrated and systematic drug inventory planning system. This study aims to develop a more effective drug inventory control approach by classifying drug items based on their investment value using ABC analysis, prioritizing drug management according to clinical importance through the VEN classification, and determining the most economical order quantities using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method to minimize total inventory costs. The study utilizes historical sales and inventory data collected over a specific observation period. The results of the ABC analysis indicate that approximately 20% of drug items fall into category A and account for 70% of the total inventory investment value. Based on the VEN classification, 14 drug items (5%) are identified as vital drugs. The integration of ABC and VEN analyses results in 67 priority drug items that are subsequently controlled using the EOQ method. The application of EOQ significantly reduces total inventory costs from IDR 3,166,552 to IDR 1,569,436. These findings demonstrate that the integrated implementation of ABC, VEN, and EOQ methods effectively improves drug inventory control performance, reduces inventory costs, and ensures optimal drug availability without compromising the quality of pharmacy services.