Ketergantungan Impor, Kinerja Ekspor, dan Tantangan Stabilitas Ekonomi Indonesia dalam Anggaran pembelanjaan negara (APBN)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationship between import dependency, export performance, and the challenges of Indonesia’s economic stability within the framework of the State Budget (APBN). International trade plays an important role in the national economy because exports can increase foreign exchange earnings and support economic growth, while imports function to meet domestic needs that cannot be adequately produced within the country. However, high import dependency and fluctuations in export performance can affect economic stability and the country’s fiscal condition. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach through a literature study of various sources such as scientific journals, academic books, and official publications from Statistics Indonesia and the Ministry of Finance. The results show that the development of Indonesia’s state budget has experienced an increase in both state revenue and expenditure in recent years, although it still faces challenges in the form of budget deficits. In addition, Indonesia’s export performance fluctuates due to changes in global demand and international commodity prices, while imports are still dominated by capital goods, industrial raw materials, and energy. Therefore, appropriate policy strategies are needed, such as export diversification, strengthening domestic industries, and efficient management of the state budget to maintain national economic stability.